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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE
1995 APRIL: PATTERNS OF GLOBAL TERRORISM, 1994

Department of State Publication 10239

Office of the Secretary
Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, Philip C. Wilcox, Jr.


AFRICAN OVERVIEW


CONTENTS


Introduction

Civil wars and ethnic conflict continue to rage in Sub-Saharan Africa (for example, Somalia, Sudan, Angola, and Liberia), and several acts of international terrorism took place in Africa in 1994. The rightwing South African rejectionist Afrikaner Resistance Movement detonated a car bomb in Johannesburg in protest of South Africa's first multiracial elections. Togolese oppositionists may have been responsible for a grenade attack on a French-owned restaurant that wounded five French and two Beninese citizens.

Sudan turned over the international terrorist Carlos to France in August, but insisted that action did not represent a change in Sudanese policy and would not affect other terrorists harbored in Sudan.


Angola

In January, rival factions of the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (FLEC) claimed responsibility for a mortar attack on the Chevron administrative facility in Malongo. FLEC has targeted Western oil companies in the past in hopes of reducing government revenues. In late November, FLEC-Renovada claimed credit for kidnapping three Polish citizens employed by an Italian forestry company.

Sierra Leone

On 7 November the rebel group Revolutionary United Front (RUF) kidnapped two British engineers working for the Voluntary Service Organization. The group also captured four relief workers who were subsequently released.

South Africa

There were a number of serious incidents of domestic political violence in the runup to South Africa's first multiracial election in April 1994. There was also one act of international terrorism on 27 April when members of the rightwing Afrikaner Resistance Movement (AWB) detonated a car bomb at the Jan Smuts Airport in Johannesburg. The bomb injured 16, including two Russian diplomats and a pilot for Swiss Air.

Togo

There were a number of incidents of domestic political violence in Togo in 1994 and one act of international terrorism. Togolese oppositionists, retaliating for what they believe is French support for President Eyadama, were probably responsible for a grenade attack on a French- owned restaurant that wounded five French citizens and two Beninese.

Uganda

In 1994 the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), an insurgent group operating in northern Uganda, carried out a number of attacks against foreign relief organizations, accusing them of collaborating with the Museveni government. On 23 June, for example, the LRA ambushed a World Food Program convoy belonging to the Catholic Relief Services.
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