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RFE/RL Newsline, Vol. 4, No. 36, 00-02-21

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Newsline Directory - Previous Article - Next Article

From: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty <http://www.rferl.org>

RFE/RL NEWSLINE

Vol. 4, No. 36, 21 February 2000


CONTENTS

[A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

  • [01] ARMENIAN RULING COALITION PARTNER CALLS FOR CABINET
  • [02] ARMENIAN PRESIDENT, DASHNAKS DISCUSS KARABAKH PEACE PROCESS
  • [03] AZERBAIJANI PRESIDENT UNDERGOES EYE SURGERY
  • [04] ABKHAZIA REJECTS LATEST UN DRAFT PEACE PROPOSALS
  • [05] PICKETS IN WESTERN GEORGIA DISPERSE
  • [06] GEORGIA SAYS NO CHECHEN MILITANTS ON ITS TERRITORY
  • [07] STALIN'S GRANDSON HOPES TO CONTEST GEORGIAN PRESIDENTIAL
  • [08] KYRGYZSTAN HOLDS PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS
  • [09] OIC DELEGATION IN TAJIKISTAN
  • [10] TWO TAJIK POLICE OFFICERS ATTACKED
  • [11] TURKMEN PRESIDENT SAYS HE WILL EVENTUALLY STEP DOWN
  • [12] UZBEK PRESIDENT ESTABLISHES NEW CONTROL BODY

  • [B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

  • [13] KFOR ENDS SEARCH FOR MITROVICA ARMS
  • [14] ETHNIC ALBANIANS MARCH ON MITROVICA
  • [15] WHY IS CLARK IN MACEDONIA?
  • [16] ALBRIGHT URGES ALBANIANS TO FORGET NATIONALISM, CORRUPT WAYS
  • [17] SERBIAN PARTIES APPEAL TO SANDZAK
  • [18] ANOTHER FINE FOR SERBIAN DAILY
  • [19] BELGRADE PROTEST AGAINST HAIDER, SESELJ
  • [20] SOCIALISTS LEAVE BOSNIAN SERB COALITION
  • [21] MESIC TO PUBLISH RECORDS OF TUDJMAN-MILOSEVIC DEALS
  • [22] CROATIAN GOVERNMENT HAS PROPOSAL FOR RETURN OF REFUGEES
  • [23] DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION OF ROMANIA HAS TWO ELECTORAL FACES
  • [24] MOLDOVAN PARLIAMENT ELECTS NEW DEPUTY SPEAKERS
  • [25] BULGARIA THREATENS TO EXPEL YUGOSLAV JOURNALIST

  • [C] END NOTE

  • [26] SANDZAK FACES DILEMMAS

  • [A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

    [01] ARMENIAN RULING COALITION PARTNER CALLS FOR CABINET

    RESHUFFLE

    Senior members of the People's Party of Armenia

    (HZhK), which forms the majority Miasnutiun parliament bloc,

    together with the Republican Party, told RFE/RL on 18

    February that the Armenian government should be reshuffled in

    order to bring in ministers capable of implementing its

    proposed economic policies. They refrained, however, from

    naming ministers and denied that the party wants more cabinet

    posts in addition to the two it already holds. The HZhK also

    criticized the 2000 draft budget as not based on a clear

    economic program. On 17 February, the HZhK expressed its

    support for demands by opposition parties to convene a

    special parliamentary session to debate the planned

    privatization of the energy distribution network (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 11 February 2000). LF

    [02] ARMENIAN PRESIDENT, DASHNAKS DISCUSS KARABAKH PEACE PROCESS

    Robert Kocharian met with Vahan Hovannisian and other leading

    members of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation--

    Dashnaktsutiun (HHD) on 19 February to discuss ongoing

    diplomatic efforts to resolve the Karabakh conflict and the

    overall political and economic situation, RFE/RL's Yerevan

    bureau reported. At the close of its congress earlier this

    month, the HHD had warned against a solution to the conflict

    that would entail concessions from Armenia (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 15 February 2000). In an interview published in

    "Iravunk" on 17 February, Hovannisian stated that none of the

    peace proposals advocated to date by the OSCE Minsk Group is

    acceptable to his party. He termed recent developments in the

    peace process "very dangerous," and argued that Armenia

    should not engage in further talks on resolving the conflict

    until it has made progress toward resolving economic and

    domestic political problems. LF

    [03] AZERBAIJANI PRESIDENT UNDERGOES EYE SURGERY

    Heidar Aliev had

    a cataract removed in surgery at Washington on 17 February,

    Reuters and Turan reported the following day. Azerbaijani

    state television reported that Aliev "feels well." ITAR-TASS

    quoted Azerbaijani Health Minister Ali Insanov as saying on

    18 February that the president will return to Baku "in a few

    days." LF

    [04] ABKHAZIA REJECTS LATEST UN DRAFT PEACE PROPOSALS

    Abkhazia

    will not discuss the "basic principles of distributing

    constitutional powers" between Georgia and Abkhazia, which

    were drafted by the UN, Astamur Tania, an aide to Abkhaz

    President Vladislav Ardzinba, told Caucasus Press on 18

    February. That draft envisages broad autonomy for Abkhazia

    within a unified Georgian state. Abkhaz Prime Minister

    Vyacheslav Tsugba, for his part, told Caucasus Press that the

    Abkhaz authorities are prepared to discuss only establishing

    relations with Georgia on the basis of two equal states. LF

    [05] PICKETS IN WESTERN GEORGIA DISPERSE

    A group of Georgians who

    have blockaded the Inguri bridge, in western Georgia, since

    early February to demand the release of relatives held

    hostage in Abkhazia have dispersed after being assured by

    Georgian intelligence chief Avtandil Ioseliani that two

    Georgians sentenced by the Abkhaz for crimes committed during

    the 1998 hostilities will be released, Caucasus Press

    reported on 21 February. In return, Georgia will release two

    Abkhaz customs officers seized in late January (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 2 and 8 February 2000). The Abkhaz had earlier

    protested that a protocol signed in early February covered

    the release of all hostages, but not of persons convicted for

    war crimes. On 18 February, the CIS peacekeeping detachment

    deployed along the internal border between Abkhazia and the

    rest of Georgia had accused the Georgians of exacerbating

    tensions by refusing to expedite the Abkhaz officers'

    release. LF

    [06] GEORGIA SAYS NO CHECHEN MILITANTS ON ITS TERRITORY

    Acting

    Georgian Border Guard Service commander Korneli Salia on 18

    February denied the claim made earlier that day by his

    Russian counterpart, Konstantin Totskii, that between 400 and

    1,000 Chechen militants have taken refuge in Georgia's

    Pankisi gorge close to the border with Chechnya, ITAR-TASS

    and Caucasus Press reported. On 19 February, the Georgian

    Foreign Ministry announced that Azerbaijan, Hungary, Spain,

    Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Romania, Turkey, the Czech

    Republic, and Estonia have sent representatives to serve in

    an OSCE force that will monitor the Chechen sector of the

    Georgian-Russian border. LF

    [07] STALIN'S GRANDSON HOPES TO CONTEST GEORGIAN PRESIDENTIAL

    POLL

    Georgia's Central Electoral Commission (CEC) on 19

    February received applications from another two presidential

    hopefuls, raising the total to 16, ITAR-TASS reported. The

    last two candidates to submit their applications before the

    19 February deadline were Yevgenii Djughashvili, 63, a

    retired Soviet army colonel and grandson of Joseph Stalin,

    and lawyer Ushangi Dondjashvili. On 18 February, the CEC

    officially banned the collection of signatures in support of

    the presidential candidacy of former Georgian Security chief

    Igor Giorgadze, who the Georgian authorities claim

    masterminded an attempt to assassinate parliamentary chairman

    Eduard Shevardnadze in 1995. The CEC ruled that Giorgadze

    cannot contest the poll as he has not lived in Georgia for

    the past two years. LF

    [08] KYRGYZSTAN HOLDS PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS

    Some 64 percent of

    Kyrgyzstan's 2.4 million voters cast their ballots on 20

    February in elections for the country's new bicameral

    parliament. Preliminary returns indicated that the Communist

    Party polled some 27 percent of the party list vote, under

    which 15 of the 60 seats in the lower house are to be

    allocated. A women's group was in second place, followed by

    the pro-presidential My Country group and the pro-government

    Union of Democratic Forces. LF

    [09] OIC DELEGATION IN TAJIKISTAN

    Tajikistan's Foreign Minister

    Talbak Nazarov held talks in Dushanbe on 17 February with a

    delegation from the Organization of the Islamic Conference

    headed by Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Muhammad Javad

    Zarif, Asia Plus-Blitz reported the following day. Discussing

    the war in Afghanistan, Nazarov proposed a cease-fire as a

    first step toward a solution. All parties agreed that further

    peace talks within the Six-Plus-Two group (Russia, the U.S.,

    China, Iran, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and

    Uzbekistan) are needed to expedite a settlement of the civil

    war in Afghanistan and should be supplemented by

    international and private initiatives. LF

    [10] TWO TAJIK POLICE OFFICERS ATTACKED

    Two masked attackers

    opened fire late on 18 February on two police officers in

    Dushanbe, Interfax reported. One of the officers later died

    from his wounds. On 19 February, ITAR-TASS quoted a senior

    Tajik security official as saying that several suspects have

    been detained in connection with the 16 February grenade

    attack on the car of Dushanbe Mayor Makhmadsaid Ubaidullaev,

    in which Deputy Security Minister Shamsullo Dzhabirov was

    killed (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 17 February 2000). LF

    [11] TURKMEN PRESIDENT SAYS HE WILL EVENTUALLY STEP DOWN

    Speaking

    in Ashgabat on 19 February, his 60th birthday, Saparmurad

    Niyazov that over the next five to seven years he plans to

    prepare a successor, after which he will resign, Interfax and

    AP reported. He said that he considers it his duty to prepare

    a new generation of politicians to whom power will be

    transferred, rather than risk a power vacuum or power

    struggle. LF

    [12] UZBEK PRESIDENT ESTABLISHES NEW CONTROL BODY

    Islam Karimov

    has issued a decree creating a Coordinating Council for

    Control that will be subordinate to himself and will monitor

    implementation of presidential and government decrees and

    resolutions, Interfax reported on 18 February. The new

    commission will also monitor the work of government

    commissions headed by ministers or presidential advisers. LF


    [B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

    [13] KFOR ENDS SEARCH FOR MITROVICA ARMS

    Some 2,300 peacekeepers

    from approximately 12 countries--including 150 U.S. soldiers-

    -completed a thorough search of Mitrovica on 21 February,

    General Pierre de Saqui de Sannes told Reuters. He did not

    elaborate. The hunt for illegal weapons began the day before,

    yielding some 10 Kalashnikovs, four M-48s, and several

    smaller weapons on the first day. In northern Mitrovica,

    Serbs threw stones and other objects at U.S. troops, whom

    they accused of using excessive force. A Serbian spokesman

    said French peacekeepers have been conducting routine

    searches "for weeks" without incident, AP reported. Ethnic

    Albanians told journalists that the French had been sloppy

    and ineffective in their searches. KFOR spokesmen stressed

    that all KFOR follows the same policy, while one indicated

    that peacekeepers have precise knowledge of arms caches and

    are determined to find them. PM

    [14] ETHNIC ALBANIANS MARCH ON MITROVICA

    Some 20,000 ethnic

    Albanians began a five-hour march from Prishtina to Mitrovica

    on 21 February, Reuters reported. They demanded an end to the

    violence in and division of the town. Some carried banners

    reading "No to Partition of Kosova" and "Without Mitrovica

    there is no Kosova." Others carried Albanian, U.S., or NATO

    flags. In Mitrovica, KFOR officials said that only a "small

    delegation" will be allowed past NATO checkpoints to enter

    the city. Before the June 1999 peace agreement, both north

    and south Mitrovica were predominantly Albanian. Many ethnic

    Serbs settled in northern Mitrovica at the close of the

    conflict, saying they felt safe only in an area with a large

    concentration of Serbs. Ethnic Albanians have accused French

    peacekeepers of giving tacit support to what the Albanians

    call the illegal partition of the city. KFOR denies that

    charge. PM

    [15] WHY IS CLARK IN MACEDONIA?

    NATO's Supreme Commander in Europe

    General Wesley Clark said on a "routine consultation" visit

    to Skopje on 20 February that he came "to assure your leaders

    of NATO's continuing intent that there will be peace,

    stability, and progress in this region. I came here to thank

    the government for its continued support for the KFOR

    mission," AP reported. His visit followed one by NATO

    Secretary- General Lord Robertson (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 18

    February 2000). "Vesti" reported from Skopje on 21 February

    that the Atlantic alliance wants to be sure of support from

    the Macedonian authorities in the event of a conflict in

    Montenegro or of escalating tensions in Kosova. Should a new

    conflict come to the region, NATO would again require transit

    rights across Macedonian territory and air space, as well as

    military bases in Macedonia, "Vesti" added. PM

    [16] ALBRIGHT URGES ALBANIANS TO FORGET NATIONALISM, CORRUPT WAYS

    U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright told the

    parliament in Tirana on 19 February that Albania's future

    lies in a democratic, united Europe. She urged her listeners

    to shun violence, corruption, and the absence of the rule of

    law. She added: "We look ahead to a new and brighter future

    for Southeast Europe. We look to Albania to help lead the

    way.... We support your efforts to build a professional and

    accountable police, an efficient and effective customs

    service, and an impartial judiciary," AP reported. "The old

    ways of doing business are no longer acceptable," she added.

    Prime Minister Ilir Meta told a news conference that charges

    that Tirana seeks a greater Albania are made by nationalistic

    Serbs anxious to distract foreign attention from their own

    plans for a greater Serbia. Meta stressed: "I want to confirm

    once again that we work for a European Albania and for

    Southeast Europe to be integrated in the EU and NATO,"

    Reuters reported. PM

    [17] SERBIAN PARTIES APPEAL TO SANDZAK

    Leaders of the opposition

    Democratic Party, Social Democracy, and New Democracy

    appealed to Muslims and Serbs in Sandzak not to heed or

    spread rumors about a "coming armed conflict" in the region

    (see "End Note," below). The three opposition parties

    stressed that the Belgrade regime wants to spread fear and

    insecurity in Sandzak so that it can better manipulate the

    people there, RFE/RL's South Slavic Service reported. PM

    [18] ANOTHER FINE FOR SERBIAN DAILY

    A Belgrade court on 19

    February fined the independent daily "Danas" $8,000 at the

    free market rate for allegedly slandering the head of the

    state health insurance fund. The daily wrote that Tomislav

    Jankovic abused his position for personal gain. "Danas" and

    some other private media in Serbia have been the targets of

    recent costly lawsuits by persons close to Yugoslav President

    Slobodan Milosevic. PM

    [19] BELGRADE PROTEST AGAINST HAIDER, SESELJ

    Some 50 mainly young

    people held a peaceful protest outside the Austrian embassy

    on 19 February. They carried banners equating Austria's far-

    right leader Joerg Haider with Serbian Deputy Prime Minister

    Vojislav Seselj and with Nazism. PM

    [20] SOCIALISTS LEAVE BOSNIAN SERB COALITION

    The Socialist Party

    of the Republika Srpska (SPRS), which is the Bosnian branch

    of Milosevic's party, said in a statement in Banja Luka on 20

    February that it is leaving the governing coalition. The

    party said the move came in response to Prime Minister

    Milorad Dodik's recent sacking of Deputy Prime Minister

    Tihomir Gligoric and health insurance fund manager Dragutin

    Ilic, both Socialists. Former President Biljana Plavsic,

    whose party belongs to the governing coalition, said that the

    SPRS's move is the result of orders from Milosevic's party,

    which recently held its congress in Belgrade (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 18 February 2000), RFE/RL's South Slavic Service

    reported. Dodik's coalition has a three-seat majority in the

    legislature even without the Socialists. PM

    [21] MESIC TO PUBLISH RECORDS OF TUDJMAN-MILOSEVIC DEALS

    Croatian

    President Stipe Mesic told Vojvodina opposition leader Nenad

    Canak in Zagreb that he will publish the records of the

    meetings and agreements between Milosevic and the late

    President Franjo Tudjman, "Jutarnji list" reported on 21

    February. It is unclear when the texts will be published. The

    two presidents are widely believed to have reached several

    agreements in the 1990s on the partition of Bosnia.

    Elsewhere, Mesic is slated soon to name Vjera Suman as his

    spokeswoman and Tomislav Karamarko as head of the National

    Security Council. Karamarko is a former adviser to Mesic and

    to former Prime Minister Josip Manolic. He has also headed

    the Zagreb police. Finally, Defense Minister Jozo Rados said

    that Tudjman's elite presidential guard will be disbanded and

    integrated into other units. PM

    [22] CROATIAN GOVERNMENT HAS PROPOSAL FOR RETURN OF REFUGEES

    Vladimir Drobnjak, who is a top aide to Foreign Minster

    Tonino Picula, has prepared a $55 million proposal for a

    forthcoming Budapest meeting of the EU's Stability Pact,

    "Jutarnji list" reported on 21 February. The plan aims at

    resettling 16,500 individuals--or 7,000 families--from among

    the tens of thousands of ethnic Serbian refugees. The new

    government has expressed its willingness to resettle the

    refugees but stresses that it needs money to offer them

    housing, infrastructure, and jobs. PM

    [23] DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION OF ROMANIA HAS TWO ELECTORAL FACES

    The

    Democratic Convention of Romania (CDR) on 18 February signed

    two protocols on the forthcoming local and general elections.

    In the June local elections, the CDR will be made up of just

    two formations--the National Peasant Party Christian

    Democratic and the Romanian Ecologist Party. Its two other

    members, the National Liberal Party and the Romanian

    Ecologist Federation, will run separately from the CDR.

    However, all four parties will run jointly in the general

    elections, which have yet to be scheduled. On 19 February,

    the National Convention of the Democratic Party re-elected

    Petre Roman as its chairman, RFE/RL's Bucharest bureau

    reported. MS

    [24] MOLDOVAN PARLIAMENT ELECTS NEW DEPUTY SPEAKERS

    The

    parliament on 18 February elected Party of Moldovan

    Communists (PCM) deputy Vadim Mishin and Democratic

    Convention of Moldova (CDM) deputy Vladimir Ciobanu as deputy

    speakers, RFE/RL's Chisinau bureau reported. Radio Bucharest

    said it is the first time since 1994, when the party was

    legalized, that the Communists hold a key position in the

    Moldovan official hierarchy. On 19 February, President Petru

    Lucinschi said he is "worried" that the new structure of

    alliances in the parliament will not make it possible for the

    legislature to pass the privatization laws that the

    government and the IMF have agreed on. Presidential spokesman

    Anatol Golea also said Lucinschi is "not ruling out" the

    "danger" that the new PCM-CDM alliance will vote to transform

    the country's system into a full-fledged parliamentary

    system, Flux reported. MS

    [25] BULGARIA THREATENS TO EXPEL YUGOSLAV JOURNALIST

    Foreign

    Ministry spokesman Radko Vlaikov told journalists on 20

    February that Sofia "will have to reconsider the permit for

    Tanjug's correspondent to stay in the country," AP reported,

    citing BTA. The step is in retaliation to repeated entry bans

    on Bulgarian journalists. Last week, a Bulgarian private

    television crew was denied entry to eastern Serbia, where a

    50,000-strong Bulgarian minority lives. MS


    [C] END NOTE

    [26] SANDZAK FACES DILEMMAS

    By Patrick Moore

    Ethnic Muslims make up just over 50 percent of the

    population of Sandzak, which is a larger percentage than

    their fellow Muslims constitute in neighboring Bosnia-

    Herzegovina. But while the Bosnian Muslims exude a certain

    self-confidence and use the politically correct term

    "Bosnjak" to refer to themselves in order to underscore their

    self-image as "the authentic Bosnians," the Muslims in

    Sandzak are anything but confident.

    The root of their problem is that Sandzak is

    administratively divided between Serbia and Montenegro.

    Slobodan Milosevic's regime has long remained deaf to calls

    from the region for its unity and autonomy. Strategically

    important Sandzak forms a land bridge connecting Kosova and

    Bosnia and is well known to students of the origins of World

    War I as the Sandzak of Novi Pazar.

    Another problem is a division of the Muslims' own

    making, namely political splits in their own ranks that

    prevent them from speaking with one voice. As with the

    Serbian opposition in Belgrade, the differences often have

    more to do with politicians' egos than with parties'

    platforms. One of the best-known figures is Rasim Ljajic, who

    heads the Sandzak Coalition and the regional branch of Alija

    Izetbegovic's Party of Democratic Action (SDA). He is

    generally at odds with Sulejman Ugljanin, who was his

    predecessor as head of the SDA.

    But other problems are not necessarily of the Muslims'

    own making. During the Bosnian conflict, there were periodic

    incidents of "ethnic cleansing" of Muslims carried out by

    paramilitary groups in Sandzak. Some other Muslims, fearing

    the worst, fled to Bosnia or beyond.

    Another issue centers on Sandzak's current political

    relationship to Serbia and Montenegro. Like the Kosova

    Albanians, many of the Sandzak Muslims have chosen in recent

    years to reject the legitimacy of the Milosevic regime by

    refusing to participate in Belgrade's political life or take

    part in Serbian elections. Now the main fear among Sandzak's

    Muslims is that the tensions between Serbia and Montenegro

    will somehow work to the Muslims' disadvantage and that

    matters could come to head very soon.

    Several politicians and representatives of NGOs from the

    region recently participated in a round-table in Belgrade.

    Some participants were very pessimistic, regarding the

    Muslims' days in Sandzak as numbered. According to this view,

    the Muslims have no choice in an increasingly ethnically

    polarized environment but to emigrate to Bosnia. There,

    however, they have not always received the warmest of

    welcomes, at least partly because many Bosnians regard them

    as competition in a tight job market, given that they are

    willing to work for relatively low wages.

    Another opinion is that the Montenegrin part of Sandzak

    should seek to unite with Serbia if Montenegro secedes from

    the Yugoslav federation. This would restore the unity of

    Sandzak, albeit under Milosevic. Perhaps one speaker at the

    Belgrade round-table--Dzemail Suljevic, who represents the

    SDA in the Serbian parliament--felt that an attempt to unite

    all of Sandzak in a reform-minded Montenegro would provoke an

    armed response from Milosevic. In any event, another speaker-

    -Mujo Mukovic of the Sandzak Coalition--said his party wants

    the unity of Sandzak but argues that it is up to the Muslims

    of Montenegro to decide their own future.

    Several speakers looked beyond the frontiers for a

    solution to their problems. One argued that the Muslims

    should involve the international community, just as the

    Serbian opposition and the Montenegrin government have done.

    Another speaker went a step further and stressed that the

    only solution from the Muslim standpoint is to seek an

    international protectorate for Sandzak.

    That, of course, would be a tall order and would likely

    be met with either stunned silence or the response that the

    Muslims should concentrate their efforts on promoting

    democracy and reform in Serbia and Montenegro. The

    international community has not been too pleased with the

    results of its experiences in Bosnia. Its more recent effort

    in Kosova is faltering for lack of money and personnel. One

    suspects that any Sandzak Muslims are sadly mistaken if they

    expect a NATO fire brigade to come to their rescue in the

    foreseeable future.

    21-02-00


    Reprinted with permission of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
    URL: http://www.rferl.org


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