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RFE/RL Newsline, Vol. 4, No. 143, 00-07-27

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Newsline Directory - Previous Article - Next Article

From: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty <http://www.rferl.org>

RFE/RL NEWSLINE

Vol. 4, No. 143, 27 July 2000


CONTENTS

[A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

  • [01] ARMENIAN PARLIAMENT GIVES GO-AHEAD FOR ENERGY PRIVATIZATION
  • [02] DEFEATED CANDIDATE CHALLENGES FINAL RULING ON ARMENIAN BY-
  • [03] TWO AZERBAIJANI OPPOSITION PARTIES FORM ELECTION BLOC...
  • [04] ... AS AUTHORITIES AGAIN REJECT U.S. CRITICISM
  • [05] AZERBAIJAN OPPOSITION PROTESTS PICKETERS' ARREST
  • [06] AZERBAIJAN-UZBEKISTAN GOVERMENT COMMISSION MEETS
  • [07] GEORGIA, TURKISH FOREIGN MINISTERS DISCUSS SOUTH CAUCASUS
  • [08] KAZAKH OFFICAL'S ARREST CONNECTED TO MURDER CASE?
  • [09] KYRGYZ PRESIDENT 'UNDECIDED' ABOUT SEEKING SECOND TERM
  • [10] TURKMENISTAN TO RESUME GAS SUPPLIES TO UKRAINE...
  • [11] ...PROVIDED UKRAINE DOES NOT ANNUL AGREEMENT

  • [B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

  • [12] SLOVENIA TO VOTE ON 15 OCTOBER...
  • [13] ...AMID CHANGING POLITICAL LANDSCAPE
  • [14] MACEDONIAN ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY LEGALIZED
  • [15] MILOSEVIC CALLS ELECTIONS FOR SEPTEMBER
  • [16] SERBIAN COURT SENTENCES FILIPOVIC TO SEVEN YEARS
  • [17] ROBERTSON WARNS MILOSEVIC ON KOSOVA, MONTENEGRO
  • [18] EU EXPANDS 'WHITE LIST' FOR SERBIAN BUSINESSES
  • [19] HAGUE COURT INVESTIGATING MILOSEVIC'S FINANCES ON CYPRUS
  • [20] EU AUTHORIZES FUNDS FOR CLEARING DANUBE RIVER
  • [21] ROMANIAN PREMIER HINTING HE WON'T RUN FOR PRESIDENT?
  • [22] ROMANIAN NATIONALIST PARTIES TO MERGE
  • [23] PRIMAKOV SAYS OSCE, RUSSIAN POSITIONS ON TRANSDNIESTER
  • [24] U.S. AGENCY, SOROS TO SET UP PRIVATE EAST EUROPEAN BUSINESS

  • [C] END NOTE

  • [25] FEDERATION COUNCIL APPROVES PUTIN-LED REFORMS

  • [A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

    [01] ARMENIAN PARLIAMENT GIVES GO-AHEAD FOR ENERGY PRIVATIZATION

    Following a stormy three-day debate, deputies voted on 26

    July by 64 to 38 to approve new government proposals for the

    conduct of a tender between four international companies to

    privatize four state-run energy distribution networks,

    RFE/RL's Yerevan bureau reported. Deputies had blocked the

    tender in April to protest the exclusion of a subsidiary of

    Russia's Gazprom from the companies shortlisted (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 19 and 26 April 2000). The World Bank, which has

    made disbursement of further badly-needed credits contingent

    on the privatization, criticized that move (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 15 May 2000). Deputies representing the Republican

    Party (HHK), the Kayunutiun faction and the Armenian

    Revolutionary Federation--Dashnaktsutiun (HHD) voted in favor

    of the government bill, while the People's Party, which is

    the HHK's partner in the majority Miasnutiun coalition, the

    Communists, and the Right and Accord faction voted against.

    LF

    [02] DEFEATED CANDIDATE CHALLENGES FINAL RULING ON ARMENIAN BY-

    ELECTION OUTCOME

    The Armenian Constitutional Court ruled on

    26 July that HHD candidate Kim Balayan is the winner of the

    contested 9 July by-election in a Yerevan constituency, and

    that he was not responsible for irregularities adduced by

    rival candidates who challenged the poll outcome RFE/RL's

    Yerevan bureau reported. The election of Balayan, a qualified

    lawyer, raises to nine the number of deputies in the HHD

    faction. On 24 July, Artur Mirzoyan, a proxy for defeated

    candidate Yeghia Shamshian, told journalists that the

    decision by a local court to uphold Balayan's victory was

    groundless and a violation of the Armenian Electoral Code,

    Armenpress reported. LF

    [03] TWO AZERBAIJANI OPPOSITION PARTIES FORM ELECTION BLOC...

    At a

    26 July meeting in Baku of the 10 opposition parties aligned

    in the Democratic Congress, the Azerbaijan Popular Front and

    Musavat parties reached agreement on fielding a joint list of

    candidates in the 5 November parliamentary elections, Turan

    reported. Both parties have, however, said they will contend

    that ballot only if the existing election legislation is

    amended to ensure that the polls and free and democratic (see

    "RFE/RL Newsline," 25 July 2000). Also on 26 July, a

    spokesman for the Union of Azerbaijani Forces, which

    comprises the small left-wing Vahdat, Namus and Social-

    Democratic Parties, told Turan they too intend to boycott the

    5 November poll if no "positive changes" are made to the

    electoral legislation. LF

    [04] ... AS AUTHORITIES AGAIN REJECT U.S. CRITICISM

    But Mubariz

    Gubanly, a leading member of the ruling Yeni Azerbaycan

    party, said on 26 July that the leadership will not yield to

    U.S. criticism of the laws. He termed that criticism "non-

    objective" and one-sided and said the U.S. State Department's

    assessment of the situation in Azerbaijan is "superficial,"

    AP reported (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 25 and 26 July 2000).

    Meanwhile the Central Electoral Commission on 26 July

    published a list of mostly government-sponsored newspapers

    which, together with state radio and television, will publish

    political parties' election programs, Turan reported. LF

    [05] AZERBAIJAN OPPOSITION PROTESTS PICKETERS' ARREST

    Eleven

    opposition parties on 26 July issued a statement protesting

    what they termed the "illegal" 24 July arrest of three young

    members of the Azerbaijan National Independence Party (AMIP),

    Turan reported. The young men were picketing the home of

    parliament deputy Shamil Gurbanov to protest insulting

    remarks he had made about AMIP chairman Etibar Mamedov. AMIP

    deputy chairman Nazim Imanov termed the arrest "political

    persecution." LF

    [06] AZERBAIJAN-UZBEKISTAN GOVERMENT COMMISSION MEETS

    During a 25

    July session of the Azerbaijan-Uzbek intergovernment economic

    commision in Baku, Azerbaijan's First Deputy Prime Minister

    Abbas Abbasov and his Uzbek counterpart Rustam Yunusov signed

    bilateral agreements on cooperation in combating crime and on

    simplifying customs procedures, Turan and "Nezavisimaya

    gazeta" reported. Referring to the opening next month of the

    transport corridor across the Caucasus and Central Asia, via

    Uzbekistan, to China, Yunusov proposed a program of measures

    to coordinate the work of Poti, Baku, Turkmenbashi and

    several Chinese ports. LF

    [07] GEORGIA, TURKISH FOREIGN MINISTERS DISCUSS SOUTH CAUCASUS

    Meeting in Trabzon on 24-26 July, Irakli Menagharishvili and

    Ismail Cem discussed the planned pipelines to transport

    Caspian oil and gas via Georgia to Turkey, the optimum

    configuration for the proposed South Caucasus Stability Pact,

    military cooperation, and integration with NATO and European

    organizations, Caucasus Press reported. Cem assured his

    Georgian colleague that Ankara is prepared to play a more

    active role in the search for a solution to the deadlocked

    Abkhaz conflict. On 27 July, "Nezavisimaya gazeta" castigated

    Turkish Minister of State Abdulhaluk Cay for comparing

    Russia's actions in Chechnya to Hitler's annihilation of

    Germany's Jews. Conceding that Cay's remarks do not reflect

    official Turkish policy, the paper commented that Turkey's

    regional policy is clearly showing its leadership's panic and

    paralysis in the face of a more assertive Russian policy in

    the Caucasus. LF

    [08] KAZAKH OFFICAL'S ARREST CONNECTED TO MURDER CASE?

    According

    to an unconfirmed Kazakh news agency report, Isa Koshkarev,

    who is chairman of the state-owned KazExport, was taken into

    custody on 25 July, RFE/RL's Kazakh Service reported the

    following day. Local observers say Koshkarev's arrest may be

    connected with the murder in April 2000 of KazExport official

    and arms export expert Talghat Ibraev. Several arrests have

    already been made in connection with that killing (see

    "RFE/RL Newsline," 18 April, 22 May and 6 June 2000). LF

    [09] KYRGYZ PRESIDENT 'UNDECIDED' ABOUT SEEKING SECOND TERM

    In an

    interview published in "Kommersant" on 26 July, the first day

    of his two-day state visit to Russia, Askar Akaev explained

    his hesitation to announce formally that he intends to

    contend the 29 October presidential poll to the need first to

    complete "important and urgent tasks." Among those tasks

    Akaev cited his current trip to Russia, during which he and

    Russian President Vladimir Putin are to sign a declaration of

    eternal friendship between their two countries and a ten-year

    economic cooperation agreement. LF

    [10] TURKMENISTAN TO RESUME GAS SUPPLIES TO UKRAINE...

    Turkmenistan's Deputy Prime Minister Yolly Gurbanmuradov and

    his visiting Ukrainian counterpart Yuliya Timoshenko signed a

    preliminary protocol on gas supplies for the period 2000-

    2010, Interfax reported. Kyiv will purchase 20 billion cubic

    meters of gas this year, and 50 billion cubic meters annually

    for a ten-year period thereafter, at a price of $42 per

    thousand cubic meters. As under previous agreements, payment

    will be partly in cash and partly in goods and services.

    According to "Nezavisimaya gazeta" on 27 July, Timoshenko did

    not try to bargain over the price Ashgabat asked. LF

    [11] ...PROVIDED UKRAINE DOES NOT ANNUL AGREEMENT

    Ukrainian

    President Leonid Kuchma has already cast doubt on that

    protocol, however. Kuchma said in Simferopol on 27 July that

    he "has prohibited the signing of any documents" on Turkmen

    gas deliveries, adding that such "agreements on principle"

    should be signed only by the presidents of both countries.

    "This is nothing short of deception," he said, noting that

    the final price of Turkmen gas, including its transportation

    costs to Ukraine, may amount to $90-$105 for 1,000 cubic

    meters. JM


    [B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

    [12] SLOVENIA TO VOTE ON 15 OCTOBER...

    President Milan Kucan said

    in Ljubljana on 27 July that he has called parliamentary

    elections for 15 October following consultations with various

    party leaders, Reuters reported. Kucan has long argued that

    the elections should be held as early as possible in order to

    end instability. He is also concerned lest time be lost for

    drafting and passing legislation in preparation for joining

    the EU, which enjoys broad public support. PM

    [13] ...AMID CHANGING POLITICAL LANDSCAPE

    Prime Minister Andrej

    Bajuk will set up his own political party to contest the

    elections, "Delo" reported on 27 July. His break with his

    SLS/SKD Christian Democratic party came after that party

    voted with the center-left opposition to keep a proportional

    voting system for the fall election (see "RFE/RL Newsline,"

    26 July 2000). Foreign Minister Lojze Peterle, who also

    belongs to the SLS/SKD, said in Ljubljana that he will

    probably join Bajuk's party, AP reported on 26 July. The

    opposition center-left parties include people from the former

    communist nomenklatura, who dominated the government from

    independence in 1991 until the spring of 2000 (see "RFE/RL

    Balkan Report," 30 May 2000). The center-right government is

    led primarily by people with family roots in the anti-

    communist Domobrani (Home Guards) of World War II, including

    Bajuk, Peterle, and conservative Social Democratic leader

    Janez Jansa. PM

    [14] MACEDONIAN ALBANIAN UNIVERSITY LEGALIZED

    The parliament

    voted on 26 July to approve an OSCE-sponsored measure to

    legalize the underground Albanian-language Tetovo university

    as an accredited private institution (see "RFE/RL Balkan

    Report," 28 April 2000). The debate leading up to the vote

    included acrimonious exchanges between members of the

    government ethnic Albanian party, which supports the bill,

    and opposition Albanians, who want the Tetovo university to

    be a state institution on a par with the Macedonian-language

    one in Skopje, the private MIC news agency reported. After

    the vote, the Macedonian Academy of Sciences said in a

    statement that legalizing the Tetovo university is "one more

    step toward the partition" of Macedonia along ethnic lines,

    the BBC's Serbian Service reported. The Tetovo university

    question is one of the most divisive in Macedonian politics.

    The OSCE-sponsored measure envisions the university as an

    institution for training teachers and civil servants, who

    will have to demonstrate proficiency in Macedonian as well as

    in Albanian. PM

    [15] MILOSEVIC CALLS ELECTIONS FOR SEPTEMBER

    Yugoslav President

    Slobodan Milosevic announced in Belgrade on 27 July that

    federal parliamentary elections will be held on 24 September

    (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 26 July 2000). Serbian municipal and

    local elections will also take place that same day, Reuters

    reported. The Montenegrin authorities have repeatedly said

    that they will boycott any federal elections held under

    Milosevic's new electoral legislation. The Serbian opposition

    is divided as to whether to participate in the federal and

    local vote. PM

    [16] SERBIAN COURT SENTENCES FILIPOVIC TO SEVEN YEARS

    A military

    court in Nis sentenced Miroslav Filipovic on 26 July to seven

    years in prison for writing about atrocities committed by

    Serbian forces in Kosova in 1999 (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 26

    July 2000). His attorneys will contest the ruling, "Blic"

    reported. In New York, Amnesty International said in a

    statement that the authorities should investigate the

    veracity of Filipovic's reports rather than put him in jail

    for writing them. In Washington, State Department spokesman

    Philip Reeker said that the court ruling "is, of course, in

    keeping with the [Slobodan] Milosevic regime's typical

    attitude to try to muzzle Serbia's independent media by

    seizing or shutting down facilities, by expelling foreign

    journalists, and threatening or even beating those brave

    enough to report the truth amongst their own journalist

    corps," AP reported. PM

    [17] ROBERTSON WARNS MILOSEVIC ON KOSOVA, MONTENEGRO

    Speaking in

    Brussels on 27 July, NATO Secretary-General Lord Robertson

    praised the recent anti-violence agreement between several

    leading Serbian and Albanian political personalities from

    Kosova (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 25 July 2000). He added: "We

    will not allow Milosevic or any of the ethnic groups within

    Kosovo to plunge the region back into the horrific violence

    it suffered a year and a half ago," Reuters reported.

    Referring to Montenegro, Robertson said: "I say to Milosevic:

    watch out, look what happened the last time you

    miscalculated.... The international community will not

    appreciate it if Milosevic does something whose effect would

    be to remove a man elected by the Montenegrin people," namely

    President Milo Djukanovic.

    Asked whether such action would lead NATO to intervene,

    Robertson added: "We aren't saying what we will do. One of

    the lessons of Kosovo is that you don't reveal your cards too

    far in advance." PM

    [18] EU EXPANDS 'WHITE LIST' FOR SERBIAN BUSINESSES

    A spokesman

    for the EU's executive commission said in Brussels on 26 July

    that the EU has identified an additional 52 Serbian companies

    that it would like to add to its "white list" of Serbian

    firms exempt from sanctions. The EU will not announce their

    names until its representatives have spoken with those of the

    companies, Reuters reported. Such firms have been dubbed

    traitors by the Milosevic regime (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 25

    July 2000). PM

    [19] HAGUE COURT INVESTIGATING MILOSEVIC'S FINANCES ON CYPRUS

    Cypriot authorities have confirmed recent international press

    reports that the Hague-based war crimes tribunal is

    investigating Milosevic's business ties and financial

    activities on that island, RFE/RL's South Slavic Service

    reported on 26 July. PM

    [20] EU AUTHORIZES FUNDS FOR CLEARING DANUBE RIVER

    The European

    Commission on 26 July authorized the release of up to $20.5

    million to cover part of the cost of clearing the River

    Danube of debris from bridges destroyed by the NATO bombing

    of Yugoslavia last year, AP reported. The money will be

    transferred to the Danube Commission, an international

    organization responsible for navigation on the river. MS

    [21] ROMANIAN PREMIER HINTING HE WON'T RUN FOR PRESIDENT?

    Mugur

    Isarescu might delay until 15 August announcing whether he

    will run for president, Mediafax reported on 26 July,

    citing "sources close to the premier." Those sources said

    Isarescu, who has been urged to run by the National Peasant

    Party Christian Democratic (PNTCD) and the Union of

    Democratic Forces, is "not very enchanted" by the current

    political campaign involving his name and that he fears the

    campaign might undermine the cabinet's efficiency. The

    sources also said that so far Isarescu's reply to those who

    have urged him to run has been that "his only objective in

    2000 is to organize correct elections, pursue negotiations

    for Romania's joining the EU, and renew economic growth."

    Meanwhile, the PNTCD leadership on 26 July decided against

    postponing parliamentary elections and in favor of holding

    them at the same time as the presidential ballot, RFE/RL's

    Bucharest bureau reported. MS

    [22] ROMANIAN NATIONALIST PARTIES TO MERGE

    Party of Romanian

    National Unity (PUNR) Deputy Chairman Ioan Gavra announced

    on 26 July that the negotiations with the Romanian National

    Party (PNR) have ended with an agreement to merge the two

    formations. Gavra said there is a need to "unite all

    rational national forces" and that the agreement on the

    merger will be signed by 1 August and submitted for

    approval to their respective National Councils by 15

    August. The PNR is headed by former Intelligence Service

    chief Virgil Magureanu. Both parties fared poorly in the

    June local elections. MS

    [23] PRIMAKOV SAYS OSCE, RUSSIAN POSITIONS ON TRANSDNIESTER

    'COINCIDE'

    Yevgenii Primakov, chairman of the special

    state commission on the settlement of the Transdniester

    conflict, said in Vienna on 26 July after meeting with

    current OSCE Chairwoman Benita Ferrero-Waldner that the

    Russian and the OSCE positions on that conflict "coincide,"

    ITAR-TASS reported. Ferrero-Waldner the same day received a

    letter from separatist leader Igor Smirnov criticizing the

    organization and its chairwoman in particular, Infotag

    reported. "The unwillingness of the OSCE Council to allow

    the Transdniester delegation to address the recent OSCE

    meeting in Vienna has compromised both your personal

    authority and the authority of your organization," Smirnov

    wrote. Speaking on Transdniester Television one day

    earlier, Supreme Soviet chairman Grigorii Marakutsa had

    said that negotiations over the status of the region

    "cannot continue for ever" and the Transdniester will now

    "concentrate its efforts on creating a sovereign and

    independent state," AP reported.

    [24] U.S. AGENCY, SOROS TO SET UP PRIVATE EAST EUROPEAN BUSINESS

    FUND

    The U.S. governmental Oversees Private Investment

    Corporation (OPIC) and billionaire financier George Soros

    announced on 26 July they will establish a $150 million

    fund to spur private business in southeastern Europe, AP

    reported. Soros will contribute $50 million to the fund and

    the remainder will be provided by the OPIC. OPIC chairman

    George Munoz said the fund will encourage private ventures

    in Albania, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia,

    Montenegro, Romania, Slovenia, and Turkey. Munoz said

    Kosova is not included because it lacks the necessary

    governmental structure, while Serbia "has excluded itself."

    MS


    [C] END NOTE

    [25] FEDERATION COUNCIL APPROVES PUTIN-LED REFORMS

    by Sophie Lambroschini

    By approving a law removing them from the parliament and

    by adopting a new tax code, Russia's regional governors have

    submitted to the inevitable. In so doing, they relinquished

    the idea of a last stand in a protracted conflict with the

    Kremlin over President Vladimir Putin's large-scale

    centralization plan.

    The law on the upper house was adopted on 26 July after

    little more than an hour's debate. The Federation Council was

    slightly more resistant when it came to the discussion of the

    tax code, which lasted into the afternoon. The tax reform

    that was finally adopted could undermine the governors'

    economic power by reducing their financial resources. Tax and

    revenue distribution was always at the heart of their tug-of-

    war with the federal authorities.

    The bill overhauling the Federation Council passed by a

    vote of 119 to 18 with four abstentions and 35 members

    absent. Russia's 88 governors and presidents (excluding

    Chechnya), as well as 88 regional assembly heads, agreed to

    give up their seats in the upper house, an important

    political platform with the power of approving presidential

    decrees, including sending Russian troops abroad. After a

    gradual rotation to be completed by 2002, they will be

    replaced by representatives appointed by regional officials.

    The bill was the result of a compromise with the State

    Duma (lower house) over a harsher proposal made by Putin two

    months ago. Federation Council speaker Yegor Stroev, who met

    with the president the day before the vote, made clear that

    any further fight was useless. He said: "We all know the bill

    will be passed."

    That was an apparent reference to a constitutional

    provision allowing a bill to be passed if the Duma overrides

    a Federation Council veto by more than 300 votes. So far, all

    three laws implementing Putin's vast centralization plans

    have been adopted by the Duma with more than 300 votes.

    Chuvash President Nikolai Fedorov, a strong opponent of

    the reform, argues that the changes only strengthen the

    president's powers at the expense of the parliament and the

    regions. But even Fedorov says the governors cannot resist a

    movement that is approved by Russian society, which he

    comments is longing for a strong hand. "I must conclude,

    unfortunately, that we all aimed for and tried to build a

    state with the rule of law," he said, "But it turns out now

    that society--or at least the prevailing atmosphere--is such

    that the will of the emperor, the will of the president, is

    law."

    Putin argues his reforms are aimed at strengthening the

    rule of law and preventing regional separatism. He says the

    changes will put an end to local fiefdoms in which governors

    have passed unconstitutional laws and substituted domestic

    for federal powers such as the police and the courts.

    But many governors argue that they helped save Russia

    from disintegrating into civil war by intervening when the

    federal government did not do its job. They cite their

    actions after the August 1998 financial crisis, when some

    governors imposed illegal price controls over basic products

    and limited exports out of their regions as a way to lessen

    the blow of a tumbling ruble.

    Most analysts say the real issue is regional economic

    power, which the Kremlin-proposed tax reform adopted by the

    Federation Council reduces by centralizing taxes. Both bills

    approved on 26 July are part of a larger tax reform that

    introduces measures such as the world's lowest income tax, a

    flat 13 percent rate.

    The new tax legislation, which cuts into the regions'

    tax allowance, has already been adopted by the Duma. It

    reduces that part of tax revenues that the regions may keep

    for themselves. For example, the regions now receive 15

    percent of the collected value-added tax. The new bill

    transfers total control of VAT over to the federal

    government. Another measure, hailed by businesses but

    criticized by the regions, is the planned elimination of a 4

    percent turnover tax that was mostly spent in the regions.

    Russia's 19 "donor" regions--those that give more to the

    federal budget than they receive--are especially critical of

    the reform. These relatively affluent areas, which include

    Moscow and oil-producing regions, feel that under the

    principle of tax redistribution, they will unfairly share

    their economic wealth with poorer areas. But many poorer

    regions feel they can only win from a reform that could

    increase tax distribution in their favor.

    The author is an RFE/RL correspondent based in Moscow.

    27-07-00


    Reprinted with permission of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
    URL: http://www.rferl.org


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